Haematological Profile in Pre-Surgery Hernia Patients: A Case-Control Study in Ghana

https://doi.org/10.28991/SciMedJ-2022-0401-1
Blood Cell Indices Haematological Profile Hernia Pre-Surgery Strangulation.

Authors

  • Felix Osei-Boakye
    foseiboakye1@gmail.com
    1) Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Sunyani Technical University, Sunyani, Ghana. 2) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Sunyani Technical University, Sunyani,, Ghana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5126-7424
  • Yaw Amo Wiafe Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,, Ghana
  • Charles Nkansah Department of Haematology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale,, Ghana
  • Dorcas Serwaa Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, C4C Homeopathic Medical College, Greater Accra,, Ghana
  • Abdul-Razak Saasi Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,, Ghana
  • Abdul Ganiwu Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani,, Ghana
  • Ruth Duku-Takyi Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, Accra Technical University, Accra,, Ghana
  • Patrick Adu Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast,, Ghana
  • Charles A. Derigubah Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Applied Science and Arts, Bolgatanga Technical University, Bolgatanga,, Ghana
  • Samuel K. Appiah Department of Haematology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale,, Ghana
  • Kofi Mensah Department of Haematology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale,, Ghana
  • Linda N. Antwi Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Sunyani Technical University, Sunyani,, Ghana
  • Richard Vikpebah Duneeh Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho,, Ghana
  • Otchere Addai-Mensah Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,, Ghana
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): March
Research Articles

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Introduction: The burden of hernia is disproportionately high in low-to-middle-income countries, due to the lack of fundamental resources needed to effectively diagnose and manage cases. The patterns of hernia, the haematological profile, and the predictive ability of blood cell indices were all investigated in this study. Methods: Fifty-four subjects: 27 hernia patients and 27 healthy controls were included in this single-centre, unmatched case-control study. Hernia was diagnosed using physical examination and ultrasound scan. Haematological indices of each subject were measured with an automated blood cell counter. Results: Herniae recorded were 92.59% inguinal, and 3.27% each epigastric and uterine prolapse. Hernia was prevalent in males (85.2%, p=0.008) and older subjects >=53 years (48.1%, p=0.004). HgB (p=0.006), MCHC (p<=0.001), and RDW-CV (p=0.042) levels were significantly elevated in strangulated than non-strangulated hernia and controls respectively, while Abs GRAN (p=0.024) was decreased in non-strangulated than strangulated hernia and control groups respectively. MCHC (AUC=0.947 [0.895-0.999], p<=0.001) was the most sensitive predictor for herniation followed by age (AUC=0.750 [0.610-0.889], p=0.002); HgB (AUC=0.718 [0.580-0.857], p=0.006); and RDW-CV (AUC=0.700 [0.559-0.840], p=0.012). Also, MCHC (AUC=0.831 [0.723-0.938], p<=0.001); HgB (AUC=0.738 [0.590-0.887], p=0.005); and RBC (AUC=0.671 [0.502-0.840], p=0.045) respectively, were significant predictors of strangulation. Conclusion: Gender and age were significantly associated with hernias. Inguinal hernia and strangulation were common in the study setting, especially, among males. Also, there were significant variations in erythrocyte- and leucocyte indices across the groups, but not platelets. Erythrocyte indices were significant predictive biomarkers for hernia and strangulation. The CBC is a useful test for the early detection of herniation and strangulation.

 

Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2022-0401-1

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